Yintoni ukuphosa ukufa
I-Die casting yinkqubo yokuvelisa esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iinxalenye zentsimbi ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu.Kubandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwindawo yokubumba phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.Umngxunya wokungunda wenziwa ziintsimbi ezimbini eziqinileyo ezifayo ezenziwe ngoomatshini ngendlela efunwayo.
Inkqubo iqala ngokunyibilika kwesinyithi, ngokuqhelekileyo i-aluminiyam, i-zinc, okanye i-magnesium, kwiziko.Isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sifakwe kwi-mold kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kusetyenziswa i-hydraulic press.Isinyithi siqina ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi kwesikhunta, kwaye iziqingatha ezibini zokubumba zivulwa ukukhulula inxalenye egqityiweyo.
I-Die casting isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuvelisa iinxalenye ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye neendonga ezibhityileyo, ezinje ngeebhloko zenjini, izindlu zothumelo, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zemoto kunye ne-aerospace.Le nkqubo ikwadume kwimveliso yezinto ezithengwayo, ezifana nezinto zokudlala, izixhobo zasekhitshini, nezinto zombane.
Uxinzelelo Die Casting
I-Die casting yinkqubo ekhethekileyo eye yaphuhliswa kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-20.Inkqubo esisiseko ibandakanya: isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sigalelwa/sigalelwe kwisingundo sentsimbi kunye nesantya esiphezulu, ngokungaguquguqukiyo kunye noxinzelelo oluqinisayo (kuxinzelelo lokuphosa ukufa) kunye nokupholisa isinyithi esityhidiweyo siyaqina ukwenza ukugatywa okuqinileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo ngokwayo ithatha imizuzwana embalwa kwaye iyindlela ekhawulezayo yokwenza imveliso yesinyithi kwizinto eziluhlaza.I-Die casting ifanelekile kwizinto ezifana nenkcenkce, ilothe, i-zinc, i-aluminiyamu, i-magnesium ukuya kwii-alloys zobhedu kunye neealloyi ze-iron ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwa.Ezona zinto zisetyenziswayo namhlanje kuxinzelelo lokuphosa ukufa yi-aluminium, i-zinc kunye ne-magnesium.Ukusukela koomatshini bokuqala bokufa abaqhelanisa nezixhobo zokufa ekujongeni ngokuthe nkqo ukuya kumgangatho oqhelekileyo wolungelelwaniso othe tyaba kunye nokusebenza, ukunyanzeliswa kwebha yebhayi emine kunye nenqanaba lenkqubo elawulwa ngokupheleleyo yikhompyuter inkqubo eqhubele phambili kuyo yonke iminyaka.
Umzi-mveliso ukhule waba ngumatshini wokwenziwa kwehlabathi jikelele, wenza amacandelo osetyenziso olwahlukeneyo, uninzi lwawo oluya kuthi lufikeleleke kuwo njengoko usetyenziso lwemveliso yee-die castings zahluka kakhulu.
Izibonelelo zoxinzelelo ziyafa
Ezinye zezibonelelo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu ziyafa:
• Inkqubo ifanelekile kwimveliso yomthamo ophezulu.
• Ukuvelisa iicastings ezintsonkothileyo ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo zokwenza isinyithi (umz. ukwenza machining).
• Amalungu anamandla aphezulu aveliswa kwimeko yokuphosa (ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lwecandelo).
• Ukuphindaphindwa komgangatho.
• Amacandelo amancinane eludongeni anokwenzeka (umz. 1-2.5mm).
• Unyamezelo olulungileyo lomgca (umz. 2mm/m).
• Ukugqiba kakuhle komphezulu (umz. 0.5-3 µm).
Inkqubo yoxinzelelo lwegumbi elishushu lokuphosa ukufa kubandakanya ukunyibilika kwe-ingot yesinyithi ngaphakathi eziko ebekwe kufutshane/edibeneyo kwisiqingatha seplaten esisigxina yomatshini wokujula kunye nokutofa kwesinyithi esityhidiweyo kusetyenziswa iplunger entywiliselwe ngokuthe ngqo kwigooseneck kunye nomlomo kunye nangaphakathi. isixhobo sokufa.I-gooseneck kunye ne-nozzle ifuna ukufudumeza ukuthintela ukukhenkceza kwesinyithi ngaphambi kokuba ifike kumngxuma wokufa, yonke into yokufudumeza kunye nentsimbi etyhidiweyo yale nkqubo kulapho kuvela khona igama elishushu.Ubunzima bokudubula okubunjiweyo buchazwa kukubetha, ubude kunye nobubanzi beplunger kunye nomkhono / ubungakanani begumbi kunye nombhobho nawo udlala indima ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kuyilo lokufa.Emva kokuba isinyithi siqinile kwisigxina sokufa (ithatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela) isiqingatha seplaten esishukumayo somatshini apho isiqingatha esishukumayo sokufa sigxininisekile ukuvula kunye nokuphosa kukhutshiwe ebusweni bokufa kwaye kususwe kwisixhobo.Ubuso bokufa buthi buthanjiswe ngenkqubo yokutshiza, idiyizi ivale kwaye inkqubo iphinde ijike kwakhona.
Ngenxa yale "ivaliweyo" inkqubo yokunyibilika kwesinyithi / isitofu kunye nentshukumo encinci yomatshini yokuphosa egumbini elishushu lokufa kunokubonelela ngoqoqosho olungcono kwimveliso.Ingxubevange yentsimbi yeZinc isetyenziswa ikakhulu kuxinzelelo lwegumbi elishushu lokuphola elinendawo yokunyibilika esezantsi ebonelela ngezibonelelo ezongezelelekileyo zokunxiba okuphantsi koomatshini (imbiza, igooseneck, umkhono, iplunger, umlomo) kunye nokunxiba okuphantsi kwezixhobo zokufa (isixhobo eside kakhulu. ubomi xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokulahla i-aluminiyam - kuxhomekeke ekugalweni kokwamkelwa komgangatho).
Igama legumbi elibandayo livela kwinkqubo yokugalelwa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwigumbi elibandayo/umkhono odutyulweyo odityaniswe ngeplaten ediyiweyo yesiqingatha esingasemva sesixhobo sokufa esisisiqingatha esisisigxina.Isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo esibamba / iziko lokunyibilika zibekwe kufutshane njengoko kunokwenzeka kwisiphelo sokudubula komatshini wokuphosa ukuze umqhubi wezandla okanye i-ladle yokugalela ngokuzenzekelayo akhuphe isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo esifunekayo kukudubula / umjikelo ngamnye kunye neladi kwaye ugalele isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo singene kumngxuma othululwayo ngaphakathi komkhono/igumbi lokudutyulwa.Incam yeplunger (eyinto enxitywayo netshintshekayo, echanekileyo ematshinini ukuya kumkhono wokudubula wedayamitha yangaphakathi kunye nesibonelelo sokwandiswa kwe-thermal) edityaniswe kwinkunzi yegusha yomatshini ityhala isinyithi esityhidiweyo ngegumbi lokudutyulwa kunye nakwindawo yokufa.Umatshini wokugalela ukufa xa ucelwa uya kuqhuba inqanaba lokuqala ukutyhala isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ngaphaya komngxuma wokugalela kumkhono.Amanqanaba angaphezulu ayenzeka phantsi koxinzelelo olwandisiweyo lwehydraulic olusuka kwinkunzi yegusha ukutofa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kumngxunya wokufa.Yonke le nkqubo ithatha imizuzwana, uxinzelelo olukhawulezayo noluqinisayo kunye nokuhla kobushushu bentsimbi kubangela ukuba isinyithi siqine kumngxunya wokufa.Isiqingatha seplaten esishukumayo somatshini wokulahla ifa siyavula (apho isiqingatha esishukumayo sesixhobo sokufa sigxininiswe kuso) kwaye sikhuphe ukugatywa okuqinileyo kobuso besixhobo.I-casting isusiwe, ubuso bokufa buhlanjululwe ngenkqubo yokutshiza kwaye emva koko umjikelezo uphindwe.
Oomatshini begumbi elibandayo bafanelekile kwi-aluminium die casting, iinxalenye kumatshini (umkhono we-shot, i-plunger tip) inokutshintshwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, imikhono inokunyangwa ngesinyithi ukwandisa ukuqina kwayo.I-aluminiyam ialloyi inyibilika kwi-ceramic crucible ngenxa yeqondo eliphezulu lokunyibilika kwe-aluminium kunye nesidingo sokunciphisa umngcipheko we-iron pickup nto leyo engumngcipheko phakathi kwee-ferrous crucibles.Ngenxa yokuba i-aluminiyam iyingxubevange yesinyithi ekhaphukhaphu ngokwentelekiso ivumela ukuphoswa kweecastings ezinkulu kunye ezinzima okanye apho ukomelela okwandisiweyo kunye nokukhanya kwi-die castings kufuneka.
